Introduction
引言部分介绍此项研究的主题、背景、范畴，并说明全文的结构，便于读者阅读，一般包含几项内容：
1. 背景介绍
2. 现有问题
3. 研究目标
4. 篇章结构
1.背景介绍
…has been a hot topic in … research.
在„研究中，„已成为研究热点。
…is the … problem that has received the most attention in the … literature.
在„文献中，„是受到最多关注的„问题。
…have attracted much attention from academia.
„已经引起学术界的很大关注。
…has been of considerable interest to the … community in recent years.
近年来，„已经引起„界的极大关注。
It is well known that …
众所周知，„
It is reported that …
据报导，„
There have been studies highlighting …
此前已经有一些针对„的研究。
Over the past 3 decades, …
在过去的三十年，„
The previous work on … has indicated that …
先前关于„的研表明„
Recent experiments by … have suggested …
最近„做的实验表明„
Recent experiments in this area suggested that …
这个领域的最新实验表明„
The approach adopted extensively is called …
被广泛采用的方法称为„
Several researchers have theoretically investigated …
有几个研究者已经从理论上考察了„
In most studies of …, … has been emphasized with attention being given to …
在大多数对„的研究中，„受到高度重视，人们关注的是„
Industrial application of … is becoming increasingly common.
„的工业化应用日益普及。
The approaches fall into two major groups.
现有方法主要分成两类。
The approaches can be divided into two general classes.
现有方法一般分成两类。
The approaches may be classified into two categories.
现有方法可以分成两类。
The approaches are of two broad.
现有方法分成两类。
2.该领域现有问题
Great progress has been made in this field, but/however, nevertheless …
虽然这个领域已经取得重大进步，但是„
A part of the explanation could lie in … However, …
部分解释可能在于„。但是，„
The study of … gives rise to two main difficulties: one is …; the other is …
研究遇到两个主要困难：一个是„；另一个是„
Also, the consideration of … alone cannot explain the observed fact that …
单独考虑„无法解释观察到的事实，即„
From the above discussion, it appears that at present neither … nor …
从以上讨论可知，目前既不„也不„
Despite the recent progress reviewed in …, there is no generally accepted theory concerning…
除了已经在„中回顾的最新进展，还没有关于„的广为接受的理论。
The only research that I am aware of that has dealt directly with the problem of … is a series of papers by …
我所知道的直接针对„问题的唯一研究是„发表的一系列论文。
Experiments of this kind have not been performed.
这种实验还没有人做过。
Until now no field experiments of … have been reported.
目前为此，还没有关于„现场实验的报导。
The method we used differs greatly from the one reported last year.
我们使用的方法与去年报导的有很大不同。
No clear advancement has so far been seen in …
在„领域，还没有出现明显的进展。
The data available in literature failed to prove that …
文献中的数据无法证明„
3.引出自己的研究目标
We propose … as a solution to address this problem.
我们提出„作为应对这个问题的方案。
We build several different models to address these issues and to improve … for the benefit of …
我们构建了几个不同的模型，以应对这些问题，并针对„改进„
In this paper, … is investigated/studied/discussed/presented
本文研究„
This paper reports on …
本文对„进行报告
The purpose of this paper/study/thesis is …
本文的目的是„
The primary goal of this research is …
此项研究的首要目标是„
The present study will therefore focus on …
因此，当前研究的重点放在
The present work deals mainly with …
当前工作主要涉及„
In this paper, we aim at …
本文旨在„
On the basis of existing literature data, we carried out studies in an effort to …
在现有文献数据的基础上，我们开展了研究，试图„
4.研究范畴
The problem under discussion is within the scope of …
讨论的问题限于„范畴。
The problem I have referred to falls within the field of …
我谈及有问题发生在„领域。
The problem we have just outlined seems to be inside of the province of …
我们先前描述的问题似乎只发生在„省。
Studies with these effects covered various aspects of …
针对这些效果的研究涵盖了„的不同方面。
The author has limited his studies to the related aspects of …
作者将研究范围限定在„的相关方面。
Our studies with this technique are confined to only one particular aspect of …
我们运用此项技术的研究只限于„的一个特定方面。
This subject is concerned chiefly with the study of …
本课题主要涉及„的研究。
The approach under study is only applied to …
研究的方法只能应用于„
The theory cannot apply to other cases of …
本理论不适用于其它„情况。
The emphasis of this paper is to survey …
本文的重点是调查„
5.说明篇章结构
This paper is divided into 5 sections as follows …
本文分成如下五个部分
Section one of the paper opens with …
第一节以„开头
Section 3 develops the second hypotheses on …
每三节展开关于„的第二项假设
Section 4 shows/introduces/reveals/treats/ develops/deal with …
第四节描述„
The 5th section provides an exposition that places the primary emphasis on …
第五节是展示部分，重点放在„
The result of … is given in the last section.
,,的结果放在最后一部分。
In this paper, data and results are presented under the major heading of …
本文中，数据和结果放在大标题„下。
Finally, a summary is given of …
最后，给出关于„的结论。
Finally, some problems that deserve to be noted and their solution are presented.
最后提出了应注意的一些问题和解决方法。
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