这两类词语在表意上有差异：the study、the research侧重作者所做的研究工作，而the paper、the article侧重提出这项研究工作的模式是论文，即读者正在拿到或阅读到的。如果不加区别随意混用这类词语，就容易混淆其间的语义差异。在能清楚表达出是由作者所做（提出）的工作（理论、方法等）时，特别是在摘要中，没有必要使用或重复使用the paper (in the paper)和the study (in the study)之类的词语。
实例1
*In the study, Figures 5, 6, 8 and Tables 1, 2, 4 are listed to support the experiment.
此句中用In the study不如用In the paper，因为从语义来看，在论文中展示图表比在研究中展示图表更加准确严密，逻辑更加通顺。
实例1参考修改
PIn the paper, Figures 5, 6, 8 and Tables 1, 2, 4 are listed to support the experiment.
PThe paper list Figures 5, 6, 8 and Tables 1, 2, 4 to support the experiment.
PFigures 5, 6, 8 and Tables 1, 2, 4 are listed to support the experiment in the paper.
实例2
*In the paper, an SZG4031 towing tractor is used as the sample vehicle.
此句中In the paper表意欠佳，因为在paper中使用tractor不如study（research）中使用更贴切、准确，逻辑更加通畅，因为是“人”在“研究”中而不是在“论文”中使用tractor。
实例2参考修改
PIn the study, an SZG4031 towing tractor was used as the sample vehicle.
PThe study used an SZG4031 towing tractor as the sample vehicle.
PAn SZG4031 towing tractor was used as the sample vehicle in the study.
实例3
*This article aimed to investigate the expression of CCR7 in osteosarcoma and discuss the underlying relationship between the expression and clinical significance.
实例4
*The aim of the present paper is to summarize the history of the Yusho incidence that occurred in the western part of Japan in 1968.
这两句中This article aimed和The aim of the present paper表意欠佳，因为说article、paper的目的不如说study（research）的目的更符合逻辑（研究的目的，而非文章的目的）。
实例3参考修改
PThis study aimed to investigate the expression of CCR7 in osteosarcoma and discuss the underlying relationship between the expression and clinical significance.
实例4参考修改
PThe aim of this study is to summarize the history of the Yusho incidence that occurred in the western part of Japan in 1968.
PThis study aims (aimed) to summarize the history of the Yusho incidence that occurred in the western part of Japan in 1968.
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