1. 基本信息
Burkhard B, Kandziora M, Hou Y, et al. Ecosystem service potentials, flows and demands-concepts for spatial localisation, indication and quantification[J]. Landscape online, 2014, 34: 1-32.
https://doi.org/10.3097/LO.201434
2.主要内容
本文提出了生态系统服务的定义、生态系统服务潜力、流量和需求的指标。讨论了空间生态系统服务关系，包括服务提供单位、受益区域、竞争和规模。指出景观的生态系统服务潜力与生态系统服务流不同，特别是在提供生态系统服务方面。而调节生态系统服务很难区分潜力和流量。
•提供了将土地覆盖类型与生态系统服务潜力、流量、潜力与流量的比较、需求、流量需求预算联系起来的示例矩阵。
1）提出了一个基于生态系统功能、生态系统服务供求的框架
2）提出了看待空间流动的方式：I.原位-在同一地点提供服务和实现利益;全向-在一个地点提供服务，但对周围景观有利而无方向性偏差，iii。定向——由于流动方向，服务提供有利于特定位置，iv.解耦性——生态系统服务可以远距离交易。
3）以供给服务为例，说明了相关生态系统的供应链
4）说明了生态系统服务潜力和流量间的时间尺度关系
5）提出了结合土地覆被和生态系统服务潜力、流量、需求的矩阵
（潜力矩阵，局部）The exemplary evaluation refers to a hypothetical European „normal“ landscape in summer (before the harvest period). Scale from 0/rosy = no relevant potential; 1/grey green = low relevant potential; 2/light green = relevant potential; 3/yellow green = medium relevant potential; 4/blue green = high relevant potential; and 5/dark green = very high (maximum) relevant potential (after Burkhard et al. 2009 and 2012).
（流量矩阵，局部）The exemplary evaluation refers to a hypothetical European „normal“ landscape in summer (before the harvest period). Scale from 0/rosy = no relevant flow; 1/grey green = low relevant flow; 2/light green = relevant flow; 3/yellow green = medium relevant flow; 4/blue green = high relevant flow; and 5/dark green = very high (maximum) relevant flow (after Burkhard et al. 2009 and 2012).
（潜力与流量差矩阵，局部）The evaluations’ (from Figures 4 and comparison refers to a hypothetical European „normal“ landscape in summer (before the harvest period). Scale from −5/brown red = flow (actual use) exceeds potential (potential supply) significantly; via 0/rosy = flow = potential; to 5/dark green = potential exceeds flow significantly.
（需求矩阵，局部）The exemplary evaluation refers to a hypothetical European „normal“ landscape in summer (before the harvest period). Scale from: 0/rosy = no relevant demand; 1/dark rosy = low relevant demand; 2/light red = relevant demand; 3/red = medium relevant demand; 4/dark red = high relevant demand; and 5/brown red = very high relevant demand (after Burkhard et al. 2012).
（流量与需求差矩阵，局部）The exemplary evaluation refers to a hypothetical European „normal“ landscape in summer (before the harvest period). Scale from −5/brown red = demand exceeds flow significantly = strong undersupply; via 0/rosy = demand = flow = neutral balance; to 5/dark green = flow exceeds the demand significantly = strong oversupply. Empty fields = neither a relevant flow of nor a relevant demand for the particular ecosystem service (after Burkhard et al. 2012)
3.思考总结
1）解读ES流基于结果，认为流量是实际使用量或消费量；并总结了相关的概念，针对各类型服务建立了潜力、流动、需求的指标；
2）但是忽略了流的过程，矩阵的方法虽然提供了一种定性分析的框架和思路，但是没有精细地刻画过程。得出的结果可能也没有很强的针对性。
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