Surgery
Information for Authors
All manuscripts should be submitted online at https://www.editorialmanager.com/ymsy/default.aspx. Please note: Submitted manuscripts will be screened by one of several electronic programs for overlap in content or writing with published articles.
The policies and procedures for Surgery generally follow those of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors, as published in the "Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals: Writing and Editing for Biomedical Publication" (updated October 2008; http://www.icmje.org).
Manuscripts are considered for publication if and only if the article and its key features (1) are not under consideration elsewhere, (2) have not been published, and (3) will not appear in print or online prior to appearing in Surgery. This restriction does not apply to abstracts or posters published in connection with scientific meetings; in addition, press reports arising from a conference will not be considered prior publication, provided that authors who discuss their conference presentation or poster with reporters are careful not to offer more detail about their work than was contained in the oral or poster presentation.
Submission of a manuscript is understood to indicate that the authors have complied with all policies as delineated in this document. Individuals who violate these policies are subject to editorial action including but not limited to (1) disclosure of violations to employers, funding agencies, or other journal offices and/or (2) publication of a retraction, correction, editorial expression of concern, or editorial. Also, all authors must read and approve the final submission or re-submission of a revision.
When a manuscript is received by Surgery that has at least one author who is also one of the Editors-in-Chief of the journal Surgery or is from one of the Editors-in-Chief's institutions, that Editor will recuse himself from any editorial responsibilities for the manuscript. In addition, individuals who have potential conflicts of interest with any manuscript sent to them for review are asked to recuse themselves from serving as peer reviewers.
Usually at least three (and often more) referees are asked to review each article. Acceptance for publication is based on originality, significance, and scientific merit; these manuscripts should further the knowledge and practice of surgery and be comprehensive. Revisions may be made to add clarity and understanding without altering the meaning and to follow an overall editorial approach by Surgery.
The journal Surgery invites concise, original articles of new matter in the broad field of clinical and experimental surgery as well as surgical organization, research in global surgery and surgical history. We are especially interested in articles on surgical education, surgical outcomes, and healthcare delivery. Emphasis for acceptance includes conciseness and clarity of presentation as well as appropriateness of English usage.
All authors must observe most strictly the rules against dual publication.
Informed consent and patient details (IRB AND HIPAA)
Manuscripts describing research involving human subjects must document both IRB approval/exemption and that informed consent was obtained from patients who served as subjects of the investigation. A statement about HIPAA compliance is also necessary for human studies from the United States and other countries in which the protection of patient information by obtaining patient consent is required by law. In the event that either the Editors or referees question the propriety of the human investigation with respect to the risk to the subjects or to the means of obtaining informed consent, Surgery may request more detailed information about the safeguards employed and the procedures used to obtain consent. Minutes of the local human experimentation committees that reviewed and approved the research may also be requested.
Registration of Human studies
All human studies that are prospective, whether they are randomized or not, MUST be registered in a national or international registry available to the public before they can be published. A readily available registry is the website clinicaltrials.gov where the study can be registered quickly and easily.
Animal/human experiments
For animal and all human experiments, the sex of animal used must be indicated. If both males and females were used, the number from each sex must be indicated, and it must be indicated whether the sex of animal was considered a factor in the statistical analysis of the data. If only one sex was used, the rationale for using only one sex must be indicated. For cell culture experiments, the sex from which primary cell cultures or tissues were obtained must be indicated. The authors are also encouraged to include sex of cell lines. If cells or tissues from both sexes were used without regard to sex, this should be indicated.
Permission
Direct quotations, tables, or illustrations that have appeared in copyrighted material must be accompanied by written permission for their use from the copyright owner and original author along with complete information as to source. Photographs of identifiable persons must be accompanied by signed releases showing informed consent. Articles appear in both the printed and online versions of the journal, and wording of the release should specify permission in all forms and media. Failure to get electronic permission rights may result in the images not appearing in the online version.
TYPES OF SUBMISSONS
Original Communications
Manuscripts presenting original research, either clinical, translational, or basic science are original communications. Consideration for publication is based on novelty, appropriate methods and analyses, and convincing data that support actionable conclusions. Emphasis should be placed on the knowledge gap filled by the findings and how the findings are impactful. The text of the manuscript should be less than 3500 words excluding the abstract, tables, figures, and references. The abstract should be less than 250 words. A maximum of seven (7) figures and tables combined is allowed. Additional material should be submitted as supplementary material, which will be published online only. A maximum of 50 references is permitted. Digital media provides an outstanding opportunity to our authors to have us globally disseminate publications in surgery. A variety of platforms including Twitter?, LinkedIn?, FaceBook?, Instagram?, and YouTube? may be employed. To facilitate our Editors and publishers promoting Surgery publications, please provide the Twitter? handle for at least one author and for at least one department, university, medical center, or society.
Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors submitting randomized controlled trials must follow the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) statement, which can be found at: http://www.consort-statement.org/. Authors should follow the 25-item checklist and submit a flow diagram with the manuscript. If accepted, the completed checklist must be included as supplementary material. Manuscripts not adhering to these guidelines will not be considered.
Observational Studies
Manuscripts that are observational should follow the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE Statement), which can be viewed at http://www.strobe-statement .org. The authors should follow the checklist for the study design, and, if the manuscript is accepted, must submit the checklist as supplementary material. Manuscripts not adhering to these guidelines will not be considered.
Best in Surgery
The Editors and Editors-In-Chief will select high impact manuscripts submitted as original communications as works of distinction, which will be published as feature papers in the Best in Surgery category. These manuscripts will be accompanied by commentaries invited by the Editors and Editors-In-Chief, visual abstracts constructed by the authors, and video interviews of the authors. These works, along with other Surgery manuscripts, will be highly visible on our social media platforms.
Clinical Reviews
Surgery publishes review papers that are solicited by the Editors-In-Chief or pre-approved by the Editors-In-Chief. Authors interested in writing a review manuscript should correspond with the Editors-In-Chief prior to submitting an unsolicited manuscript, which is rarely accepted. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses, which are well-executed and either relevant or timely, are considered through the regular submission process and without Editor-In-Chief pre-approval. These manuscripts must follow the outline suggested by PRISMA (http://www.prisma-statement.org). Only the most clinically impactful systematic reviews and meta-analyses will be reviewed and considered for publication. All review manuscripts are subject to rigorous peer review.
Invited Commentaries
All invited commentaries are solicited by the Editors-In-Chief. Unsolicited commentaries may be considered, but pre-approval by the Editors is strongly recommended. The invited commentaries should be concise (not to exceed 1000 words) and should express the personal opinion of the author. An invited commentary should have a maximum of five (5) references and no tables or figures. Invited commentaries are related to manuscripts published in Surgery, but may include timely subjects of interest including topics of social significance.
Mini-series
The Editors-in-Chief may request the preparation and submission of a series of related articles of a maximum length of 1,000-1,500 words, including a maximum of 10 references. The invited author may enlist the support of additional co-authors to write the maximum of 3-5 invited commentaries. The topics, selected by the Editors-in-Chief will be about new cutting edge subjects, often with a technical or technological focus.
Images in Surgery
For Images in Surgery submissions, a maximum of two images is allowed, the text should be less than 500 words with a maximum of three (3) references. Manuscripts must strictly adhere to these criteria and will only be considered if the criteria are met. Images in Surgery will be published online only. The text of manuscript should present the case as an unknown with the corresponding images crucial to attaining the correct diagnosis or management. The author should present four (4) potential options for the correct answer to the unknown diagnosis or management and clearly indicate the one best answer. The options for answers will be posted on the website where readers can enter their answer and see the correct response.
Debates and Dilemmas
Surgery welcomes discussion of controversial topics or subject matter that warrants conversation. The Editors and Editors-In-Chief will solicit such topics, but we invited the readership to submit ideas by contacting our managing editor at surgery@stellarmed.com. Topics must be pre-approved by the Editors-In-Chief as unsolicited submissions will not be considered. Debates and Dilemmas manuscripts should be 750 words or less and have a maximum of seven (7) references and no tables or figures. Insights into Global Surgery
We are encouraging surgeons from developing countries to offer their perspectives and insight about surgical issues in their respective countries; this new article type will be managed by Dr. Anthony Charles. Insights into Global Surgery articles will not include an abstract; they must be 750 words or less; they may have a maximum of ten references; and they may contain one figure.
Letters to the Editor
Letters to the editor must be in response to previously published articles in Surgery. Letters not pertaining to previously published Surgery articles will not be considered. Each letter must not exceed 500 words, should be typed with double-spacing, and may include five (5) references and no figures or tables. The Editors-In-Chief reserve the rights to accept, reject, or revise letters without changing the views expressed by the writer. No anonymous correspondence will be published. The letters must be written in publication quality language as only one (1) minor revision is permitted.
Societal Papers
Scientific work presented at annual meetings of the Academic Surgical Congress (ASC) under the auspices of the Society of University Surgeons (SUS), Central Surgical Association (CSA), and American Association of Endocrine Surgeons (AAES) should follow the guidelines for Original Communications. The title page should also include the meeting name, location, and dates and type of presentation. Any additional material must be designated as Supplement Material outlined clearly as "For the online version of the article, not to be included in the print version."
Article Types No Longer Accepted
Surgery does not publish book reviews, brief clinical reports, case reports, or hypothesis papers. Authors may consider submitting case reports or brief clinical reports to our partner journal, The International Journal of Surgery Case Reports.
Article transfer service
This journal is part of our Article Transfer Service. This means that if the Editor feels your article is more suitable in one of our other participating journals, then you may be asked to consider transferring the article to one of those. If you agree, your article will be transferred automatically on your behalf with no need to reformat. Please note that your article will be reviewed again by the new journal. More information.
ONLINE MANUSCRIPT SUBMISSION
All manuscripts must be submitted online. Please go to https://www.editorialmanager.com/ymsy/default.aspx and register, log in, and follow the instructions. When uploading your manuscript on the site, please be aware of the following:
MS Word is the preferred word-processing program. Please do not upload anything as a PDF file; the system will build a PDF for you.
All text elements (title page with structured abstract, main text, disclosure, funding statement, references, appendices, figure legends, and tables) should be in a single file.
Number pages consecutively and double-space text. Also, please use line numbering for ease of reviewing.
Each figure file should be created at the proper resolution (see guidelines below) and uploaded as a separate file (TIFF or EPS are the preferred formats).
MANUSCRIPT PREPARATION AND SUBMISSION
The following format must be used for ALL submitted manuscripts:
1. Cover Letter (Mandatory)
The cover letter should provide (1) the category of manuscript (i.e., original report, brief clinical report, etc); (2) statement that the material has not been previously published or submitted elsewhere for publication and will not be sent to another journal until a decision is made concerning publication by Surgery; (3) COI (conflicts of interest) information about any personal conflicts of interest or financial conflicts of interest of any of the authors; and (4) names of sources of outside support for research, including funding, equipment, and drugs (see Financial Support). The cover letter should be submitted as a separate file. Any financial support whatsoever from industry must be acknowledged as a financial disclosure of all the authors in the cover letter as well as in the text of the manuscript, situated just before the References section. For instance, if a study is funded partially or totally by industry, this needs to be stated clearly followed by a statement disclosing whether or not each author and/or family member has any financial interest in the company (etc) funding the study. The Editors and the journal Surgery take this topic very seriously and it will be the Editors' discretion whether or not this represents too much of a conflict of interest to warrant publication. Finally, the cover letter should have a statement that attests to the fact that all authors have seen and approved the final version of the manuscript being submitted and that all authors fulfill the COPE (Committee on Publication Ethics) requirements for authorship (IF uncertain, search COPE guidelines on authorship at https://publicationethics.org
2. Manuscript File (Mandatory)
A. Title Page
The title page should include the full name and highest achieved degree of each author, the institution from which the work originated, and the exact and complete business address, telephone numbers, e-mail address, and fax number of the one author who will be responsible for correspondence, galley proofs, and reprint requests. The corresponding author is encouraged to include a Twitter handle along with the Twitter handle(s) of the relevant department and/or institution and/or society.
B. Abstract
A structured abstract of no more than 250 words must accompany the manuscript and consist of four paragraphs, each with its introductory label: Background (stating the purpose of the study), Methods, Results, and Conclusions. This abstract should follow the title page and should be numbered page two of the manuscript. Abstracts are only necessary for Original Communications, Societal papers, and Reviews.
C. Main Text
For the main text, authors should refer to the brief description of types of submissions as well as the requirements on reporting of institutional ethics approval or exemption, informed consent, patient details, human trial registration and animal/human experiments. Authors should also include a statement regarding study limitations at the end of the Discussion.
Use of inclusive language
Inclusive language acknowledges diversity, conveys respect to all people, is sensitive to differences, and promotes equal opportunities. Articles should make no assumptions about the beliefs or commitments of any reader, should not contain language which might imply that one individual is superior to another on the grounds of race, sex, culture, or any other characteristic, and should use inclusive language throughout. Authors should ensure that writing is free from bias, for instance by using 'he or she', 'his/her' instead of 'he' or 'his', and by making use of job titles that are free of stereotyping (e.g. 'chairperson' instead of 'chairman' and 'flight attendant' instead of 'stewardess').
Data references
The journal Surgery encourages you to cite underlying or relevant datasets in your manuscript by citing them in your text and including a data reference in your Reference List. Data references should include the following elements: author name(s), dataset title, data repository, version (where available), year, and global persistent identifier. Add [dataset] immediately before the reference so we can properly identify it as a data reference. The [dataset] identifier will not appear in your published article.
D. Conflict of Interest/Disclosure Statement
Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest and Financial Interests. Surgery requires ALL authors to provide full disclosure of any and all biomedical financial interests. Further, we require all authors on all types of articles (including letters) to specify the nature of potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise. This disclosure includes direct or indirect financial or personal relationships, interests, and affiliations relevant to the subject matter of the manuscript that have occurred over the last two years, or that are expected in the foreseeable future. This disclosure includes, but is not limited to, grants or funding, employment, affiliations, patents (in preparation, filed, or granted), inventions, honoraria, consultancies, royalties, stock options/ownership, or expert testimony. Spousal or familial financial interests must also be included. This policy of full disclosure is similar to the policies of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors, the Journal of the American Medical Association, and other such organizations.
The conflict of interest statements must be included in all articles. Please label it as COI/Disclosures and include it at the end of the text of the manuscript, immediately before the References. It must be included at the time of submission for all article types. If the authors haves no conflicts of interest to declare, this must be explicitly stated, e.g., the authors have no related conflicts of interest to declare. Failure to include all relevant COIs will be taken very seriously and the author will be considered for Censorship from publishing in Surgery for the next three years or even permanently. Authors should contact the Editorial Office with questions or concerns, but should err on the side of inclusion when in doubt. The following is a sample text:
Dr. Einstein reports having received lecture fees from EMC Laboratories, and research funding from Quantum Enterprises. Dr. Curie disclosed consulting fees from RA Inc. Dr. Newton reported his patent on "Newtonian physics". Dr. Archimedes reported no biomedical financial interests or potential conflicts of interest
The submitting author will be required to attest that this information has been fully included in the manuscript at the time of submission. In addition, all authors are required to acknowledge that the conflict of interest disclosures are complete for both themselves and their co-authors, to the best of their knowledge, in the cover letter. Manuscripts that fail to include the complete statements of all authors upon submission will be returned to the corresponding author and will delay the processing and evaluation of the manuscript.
E. Funding/Financial Support Statement
All direct and indirect financial support by extramural sources for the study or related studies must be acknowledged. Please label this Funding/Financial support and include this at the end of the text immediately before the references. The distribution of funding must be addressed by describing how all the funding was distributed: salary, support of authors, study coordinator, medical student, resident, fellow, statistician, secretary, or other; laboratory analyses/equipment; devices, medications or materials; administration duties; or as a non-restricted educational grant.
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